Batak is a collective term used to identify a number of ethnic groups predominantly found in North
Sumatra,
Indonesia. The term is used to include the
Karo,
Pakpak,
Simalungun,
Toba,
Angkola, and
Mandailing[2] which are distinct but related groups with distinct - albeit related - languages and customs (adat).
In North Sumatra, Toba people typically assert their identity as 'Batak', while other 'Batak' may explicitly reject that label, preferring instead to identify as specifically 'Mandailing' and 'Karo' people.
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